Kev ceev faj thiab cov ntsiab lus tswj kom zoo rau cov txheej txheem hlau vuam

Sheet hlau fabrication pom ntau daim ntawv thov nyob rau hauv mechanical engineering, automotive, aerospace thiab lwm yam sectors. Raws li cov txheej txheem tseem ceeb, vuam ncaj qha cuam tshuam cov khoom tsim kev ncaj ncees, sealing kev ua tau zoo thiab qhov tseeb qhov tseeb. Kev tswj hwm nruj ntawm cov khoom, cov txheej txheem, kev ua haujlwm thiab kev tshaj tawm - kev ua tiav yog qhov tseem ceeb thaum lub sijhawm vuam. Kev tshuaj ntsuam hauv qab no tshuaj xyuas plaub qhov tseem ceeb.

I. Ua ntej-welding Preparation: Dual Verification of Materials and Equipment

1. Kev tshuaj xyuas cov khoom thiab ua ntej- kho

Cov khoom siv raw yuav tsum ua raws li cov khoom siv qib, thickness, thiab flatness yuav tsum tau teev tseg hauv cov duab kos. Piv txwv li, lub flatness sib txawv ntawm welded qauv steel yuav tsum tsis txhob ntau tshaj 2/1000. Txhua qhov deformation yuav tsum tau kho los ntawm kev siv tshuab ncaj nraim los yog kev kho cua sov kom rov ua kom flatness. Ua ntej welding, roj thiab xeb residues yuav tsum tau muab tshem tawm kom huv si. Automotive sheet hlau Cheebtsam tej zaum yuav raug ntxuav hnyav los yog xuab zeb blasting los tiv thaiv impurities ua rau porosity los yog slag inclusion defects. Npaj weld grooves raws li kev sib koom ua ke. Cov phaj tuab yuav tsum tau V-groove npaj nrog cov ces kaum tswj ntawm 60℃-70℃kom ntseeg tau tias qhov tob tob tob.

2. Khoom siv thiab Parameter Configuration

Xaiv vuam tshuab haum rau cov khoom siv:

- CO₂ vuam yog pom zoo rau qis- cov ntawv carbon steel (<3mm thickness) due to low cost and high efficiency.

- TIG/MIG vuam yog yuav tsum tau rau stainless hlau los yog txhuas-magnesium alloys los tiv thaiv oxidation. Vuam tam sim no, voltage, thiab ceev yuav tsum sib haum rau cov khoom thickness. Piv txwv li, CO₂ vuam 3 hli qis- carbon steel yuav tsum tau 180-220A tam sim no, 22-24V voltage, thiab 30-40cm / min ceev. Tsis tu ncua tshuaj xyuas cov khoom siv xws li vuam nozzles thiab cov pas nrig conductive kom ntseeg tau zoo conductivity. TIG tungsten electrodes yuav tsum yog hauv av mus rau 30℃ntse lub kaum sab xis kom ruaj khov arc tsim.

II. Txheej Txheem Ua Haujlwm: Kev sib koom ua ke ntawm cov qauv kev ua haujlwm thiab kev tsim qauv

1. Kev xaiv cov txheej txheem vuam

Arc welding suits ib qho -daim los yog me me-batch ntau lawm, muab cov cuab yeej yooj yim txawm hais tias weld zoo li yuav tsum tau sib tsoo. Kev tiv thaiv qhov chaw vuam yog ua haujlwm rau nyias - phaj qauv xws li tsheb lub cev thiab cov khoom hlau; ib qhov 50 hli sib nrug thiab 6 hli txoj kab uas hla ua kom cov load-cov kabmob muaj peev xwm. Laser vuam yog siv rau precision ntsuas, featuring lub tshav kub- cuam tshuam cheeb tsam<0.5mm with negligible deformation, though equipment costs are high.

2. Cov Ntsiab Cai Tsim Cov Qauv Weld layouts yuav tsum sib npaug, tsis txhob muaj kev sib tshuam thiab sib tshooj. Ntev welds ntawm lub thawv- hom khoom yuav tsum tau muab faib rau ntau lub dav hlau. Tsis yog- thauj khoom- cov qauv kabmob tuaj yeem siv cov vuam sib txuas (piv txwv li, 8-10mm welds spaced txhua 50mm) kom txo qis kev cuam tshuam. Vertical parallelism kam rau ua rau cov khoom qhib cov npoo yuav tsum tsis pub tshaj 0.5mm kom ntseeg tau tias kev sib dhos raug.

3. Kev Ua Haujlwm Kev Ua Haujlwm Kev Ua Haujlwm Welders yuav tsum hnav cov kaus mom hlau, hnab looj tes, thiab khaub ncaws tiv thaiv. CO₂ vuam spatter tus nqi yuav ncav cuag 15%, yuav tsum tau spatter suppressants los yog shielding daim hlau. Vuam ib ntu zuj zus los ntawm qhov chaw sab nraud. Rau cov ntaub ntawv loj, weld longitudinal seams ua ntej, tom qab los ntawm transverse seams, xaus nrog circumferential seams. Rau kev hloov kho hauv zos, siv me me rauj rau lub teeb tapping; txwv tsis pub hammering ncaj nraim ntawm qhov chaw.

III. Kev Tswj Xyuas Zoo: Kev soj ntsuam zoo los ntawm qhov tshwm sim mus rau Internal Integrity

1. Weld Appearance Standards: Welds yuav tsum muaj cov ntses - nplai qauv, tsis muaj bulges, undercut, los yog tawg. Rau aerospace Cheebtsam, weld hlaws qhov siab yuav tsum tau tswj ntawm 0-1mm. Ncej -weld burrs yuav tsum yog hauv av du siv daim ntaub emery, nrog burr qhov siab nyob ib ncig ntawm lub tsheb daim ntawv hlau welds Tsawg dua los yog sib npaug li 0.2 hli. Pav ca welds ntawm lub thawv-hom workpieces yuav tsum tsis txhob protrude saum lub hauv paus khoom; Tom qab sau nrog putty, welds yuav tsum tau muab zais tag.

2. Internal Defect Inspection tseem ceeb Cheebtsam undergo ultrasonic los yog X-ray kuaj. Lub nkoj siab welds xav tau 100% kev soj ntsuam nrog tus nqi tsis zoo Tsawg dua lossis sib npaug li 0.5%. Tensile xeem validate weld lub zog, thaum khoov kuaj ntsuas ductility. Cov qauv hlau welds yuav tsum tiv taus 90% ntawm cov khoom siv lub zog tensile.

IV. Ncej -Kev Ua Haujlwm: Sib npaug tiv thaiv thiab ua haujlwm

1. Kev kho deg

Workpieces yuav tsum tau electroplating los yog bluing undergo uniform sandblasting ncej- vuam kom tshem tawm oxide txheej. Tub rog- qib welds yuav tsum tau sandblasted nrog 80-mesh grit kom ua tiav qhov roughness Ra3.2. Cov khoom sib hloov yog qhwv hauv cov ntaub qhwv roj hmab lossis ua npuas ncauj kom tiv thaiv kev puas tsuaj.

2. Kho deformation: me me distortions yuav tsum rectified siv presses. Deformations ntawm chassis sab panels<2mm may be corrected by jacking. Weld distortion in thick plates requires localised heating to 600-650°C followed by controlled cooling to eliminate residual stresses.